Fruit trees and stuff

Actinidiaceae

• Bower actinidia, tara vine, Actinidia arguta: Fruit Facts, UConn. China, Korea, Siberia, Japan(?). Like sweeter kiwifruit, green, without fuzz.
• Kiwifruit, kiwi, Chinese gooseberry, Actinidia deliciosa. North and east China. Brown fuzzy ovoid fruit, bright greenish inside with small dark purple or black seeds, tasting somewhat like a gooseberry and/or strawberry.

Anacardiaceae

• Cashew, Anacardium occidentale
• Mango, Mangifera indica: Fruit Facts, Purdue. Burma, East India. Green/yellow/red skin, juicy and fibrous inside, sweet, slightly kerosenelike.
• Pistacio, Pistacia vera. West Asia, Asia Minor. Yellowish or greenish oily kernel with a thin ivory-colored shell.

Annonaceae

• Cherimoya, custard apple, chirimoya, chirimolla, Annona cherimola: Fruit Facts. Ecuador, Colombia, Peru. Like a large white raspberry.
• Custard-apple, Annona squamosa and Annona reticulata
• Pawpaw, papaw, Asimina triloba: Fruit Facts. Eastern temperate U.S. Mango-shaped, in clusters, green outside and yellow inside, with dark, lima bean-shaped seeds. Somewhat like a banana, but more acid and very perishable.

Araucariaceae

• Bunya-bunya, Araucaria bidwillii. Australia

Berberidaceae

• Dwarf Oregon-grape, Berberis nervosa: Virginia Tech
• Tall Oregon-grape

Betulaceae

• American filbert
• Beaked hazel, Corylus cornuta: UW, Virginia Tech
• Turkish filbert, Turkish hazel, Corylus colurna: UConn

Bombacaceae

• Malabar chestnut, Guiana chestnut, Guyana chestnut, provision tree, saba nut, Pachira aquatica: Fruit Facts. Southern Mexico to Guyana and northern Brazil. Green pod with rounded ½ inch diameter nuts.

Bromeliaceae

• Pineapple, Ananas comosus: Fruit Facts. Southern Brazil and Paraguay. Large oval to cylindrical fused compound fruit, with tough, green to yellow to orange-yellow to red waxy rind. Yellow to nearly white inside.

Caprifolaceae

• American cranberrybush viburnum, Viburnum trilobum: Treeguide, UW, UConn
• Blackhaw viburnum, rusty blackhaw, southern blackhaw, Viburnum prunifolium: Treeguide, UConn
• Common elder, blue elder, blue elderberry, Arizona elder, desert elder, European elder, black elder, elderberry, Sambucus nigra: Treeguide
• North American elder, Sambucus canadensis
• Red elderberry, Sambucus racemosa: Treeguide, UW, Virginia Tech (toxic unless cooked)

Caricaceae

• Babaco, mountain papaya, Carica pentagona: Fruit Facts. Ecuador. Five-sided yellow fruit pointed at the end, tasting somewhat like strawberry, pineapple, and papaya. Very juicy and slightly acidic.
• Papaya, tree melon, Carica papaya: Fruit Facts. Southern Mexico, Central America. Pear-shaped, yellow, orange, or pink. Orange or pinkish inside, and tastes slightly like a cantaloupe. Seeds taste somewhat like black pepper.

Caryoceraceae

• Souari, swarri nut, piquia, paradise nut, butternut, guiana nut, suari, sawarri, Caryocar

Cornaceae

• Kousa dogwood, Cornus kousa: UW, Virginia Tech

Ebenaceae

• Common persimmon
• Japanese persimmon, Diospyros kaki: Fruit Facts. China. Flattened, spherical, or acorn-shaped with a sort of hard flat 4-leaved green thing on top, somewhat like a strawberry top. Yellow-orange to orange-red. Good when squishy. Sweet, sometimes mealy, and sometimes anaesthetic.

Elaeagnaceae

• Autumn olive, Elaeagnus umbellata: Virginia Tech
• Russian-olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia: UConn, UW, Virginia Tech

Ericaceae

• Big huckleberry, Vaccinium membranaceum: Virginia Tech
• Box huckleberry, Gaylussacia brachycera
• Common huckleberry, black huckleberry, highbush huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata
• Evergreen huckleberry, Vaccinium ovatum: Virginia Tech
• Highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum
• Lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium vacillans, augustifolium, pennsylvanicum: Virginia Tech
• Red huckleberry, Vaccinium parvifolium: Virginia Tech
• Salal, Gaultheria shallon: Virginia Tech

Fagaceae

• American beech
• American chestnut
• Chestnut, Castanea sativa
• Chinese chestnut, Castanea mollissima: UW, Virginia Tech
• Eastern chinkapin
• European beech, Fagus sylvatica: U. of Delaware, Virginia Tech

Ginkgoaceae

• Ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba: U. of Delaware, UW, Virginia Tech

Juglandaceae

• Bitternut hickory, Carya cordiformis: UConn, UW
• Black walnut
• Butternut, Juglans cinerea: UW, Virginia Tech, USDA
• English walnut, Juglans regia
• Mockernut hickory
• Nutmeg hickory, Carya myristiciformis: USDA
• Pecan
• Sand hickory, Carya pallida: Virginia Tech
• Shagbark hickory
• Shellbark hickory, Carya laciniosa, USDA

Lauraceae

• Avocado, alligator pear, Persea americana: Fruit Facts. Southern Mexico. Green and round or pear-shaped, oily and green-yellow inside, buttery texture.
• California laurel, Umbellularia californica
• Cassia, cinnamon, Cinnamomum cassia. China
• Cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Sri Lanka
• Spicebush, Lindera benzoin: Virginia Tech

Lecythidaceae

• Anchovy pear, Grias cauliflora
• Brazil nut, Bertholletia excelsa

Leguminosae

• Tamarind, Tamarindus indica: Fruit Facts. Tropical Africa. Long, brown pods containing brown or reddish-brown fibrous sweet and sour pulp and large, flat, glossy brown seeds.

Malpighiaceae

• Acerola, Barbados cherry, West Indian cherry, Malpighia punicifolia: Fruit Facts. Yucatan. Round to oblate, bright red, thin-skinned. Juicy, apple-tasting sour pulp.

Moraceae

• Breadfruit, Artocarpus utilis
• Che, Chinese mulberry, silkworm thorn, Cudrania tricuspidata: Fruit Facts. East Asia. Red or maroon-red mulberry-shaped fruits with a watermelon-like flavor.
• Common fig, Ficus carica: Fruit Facts. Western Asia. Tough skin, green, brown, and/or purple, with jelly-like flesh around seeds inside.
• Jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus: Fruit Facts. West India. Huge, green or yellow compound fruit containing large bulbs of yellow, banana-pineapple flavored flesh. Texture is either like raw oysters or crisp and almost crunchy.
• Red mulberry, Morus rubra: Fruit Facts, USDA. Eastern U.S. Dark red, long raspberry-shaped, juicy, sweet and tart, slightly grapefruit-like.

Musaceae

• Banana, Musa acuminata: Fruit Facts. Indo-Malaysian region and northern Australia. Ripens from deep green to yellow or red; firm, astringent, and possibly gummy inside when unripe.

Myrtaceae

• Allspice, pimento, Pimenta dioica, Pimenta officinalis
• Clove, Eugenia caryophyllata
• Clove, Syzygium aromaticum
• Common tropical guava, Psidium guajava: Fruit Facts. Southern Mexico, Central America. Round or pear-shaped fruit, white, pink, yellow, or red, with numerous seeds and (when ripe) edible rind.
• Feijoa, Feijoa sellowiana or Acca sellowiana: Fruit Facts. Extreme southern Brazil, northern Argentina, western Paraguay, Uruguay. Round to elongated pear shape. Blue-green, blue, or grayish green, sometimes reddish or orangish. White, granular, and watery inside, tasting somewhat like pineapple, guava, strawberry, and/or mint. Small oblong seeds.
• Jaboticaba, Myrciaria spp.: Fruit Facts. Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay. Looks grape-like, dark purple to almost black, and tastes like some muscadine grapes.
• Rose apple, Syzygium jambos: Fruit Facts. East Indies, Malaya. Almost round, greenish or yellow-pink when ripe. Crisp and rose-scented inside.
• Strawberry guava, Psidium cattleyanum

Oleaceae

• True olive, Olea europaea: Fruit Facts. Mediterranean, tropical and central Asia, Africa. Ripens from green to blackish purple or brown, or stays green. Round or elongated, bitter when raw.

Oxalidaceae

• Starfruit, carambola, Averrhoa carambola: Fruit Facts. Sri Lanka. Yellow, 5-ribbed, crisp, juicy, sour with an oxalic acid smell, sometimes slightly sweet.

Palmae

• Cabbage palmetto, Sabal palmetto: USDA
• California fan palm, desert fan palm, petticoat palm, Washingtonia filifera: Fruit Facts. California and Arizona. Small brownish-black fruits with thin pulp that tastes like dates or butterscotch.
• Chilean wine palm, honey palm, coquito palm, Jubaea chilensis: Fruit Facts. Chile. Yellow, fleshy, oval, sweet fruits with an edible kernel tasting somewhat like coconut.
• Coconut, Cocos nucifera
• Date, Phoenix dactylifera
• Guadalupe palm, Brahea edulis: Fruit Facts. Guadalupe Island. Date-like plump, black fruits.
• Jelly palm, pindo palm, wine palm, Butia capitata: Fruit Facts. Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina. Yellow or orange round fruits that taste somewhat like apricots, pineapples, and bananas.

Pandanaceae

• Screwpine, Pandanus

Passifloraceae

• Passion fruit, granadilla, Passiflora edulis. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, northern Argentina. Roundish fruit with waxy dark purple to yellow or orange rind containing orange pulp and many small seeds. Tastes sort of guava-like, sweet, sour, and musky.

Pinaceae

• Digger pine, Pinus sabiniana
• Pignolia, Pinus picea. Southern Europe
• Pinyon pine, Pinus edulis: Virginia Tech, USDA
• Singleleaf pinyon, Pinus monophylla: USDA
• Torrey pine, Pinus torreyana: Virginia Tech

Piperaceae

• Cubeb, Piper cubeba
• Black pepper, Piper nigrum

Proteaceae

• Macadamia, Australian nut, Queensland nut, Macadamia spp.: Fruit Facts. Australia. Oily white kernel inside a hard seed coat.

Punicaceae

• Pomegranate, Punica granatum: Fruit Facts. Iran, north India. Tough yellow and pink or red rind with red to white sweet and sour pulp and seeds inside.

Rhamnaceae

• Japanese raisintree, Hovenia dulcis: U. of Delaware, UConn, Fruit Facts. China. Reddish-brown swollen flower stalk with a pear-like flavor.
• Jujube, Ziziphus jujuba: Fruit Facts. China. Round, sometimes elongated, cherry to pkum-sized. Ripens from green to yellow-green to red. White, crisp, sweet, apple-like flesh.

Rosaceae

• Allegheny blackberry, Rubus allegheniensis: UW, Virginia Tech
• Almond, Prunus amygdalus. Central Asia
• American plum, Prunus americana: UW, UConn
• American red raspberry, Rubus strigosus
• Apricot, Prunus armeniaca. Asia
• Beach plum, shore plum, Prunus maritima: UConn
• Bitter cherry
• Black cherry
• Black raspberry, blackcap, Rubus occidentalis: UW, Virginia Tech
• Capulin cherry, capulin, capuli, tropic cherry, Prunus salicifolia: Fruit Facts. Mexico. Maroon to dark purple fruits on racemes, green inside, sweet and astringent.
• Cherry plum, myrobalan plum, purple leaf plum, Prunus cerasifera: UConn, Virginia Tech
• Common apple, Malus spp.: Virginia Tech
• Common flowering quince, Chaenomeles speciosa: UConn, Virginia Tech
• Common pear, Pyrus communis: Virginia Tech. West Asia
• Common quince, Cydonia oblonga
• Common strawberry, Fragaria x Ananassa, Fragaria chiloensis + Fragaria virginiana. Chile, Eastern North America
• Damson plum, greengage, prune plum, Prunus domestica. Europe or southwest Asia
• Dewberry, Rubus flagellaris: Virginia Tech
• Dewberry, running blackberry, Rubus procumbens
• Downy serviceberry, Amelanchier arborea: Virginia Tech
• European everbearing strawberry, Fragaria vesca
• European red raspberry, Rubus idaeus: UW, Virginia Tech
• Evergreen blackberry, Rubus laciniatus: Virginia Tech
• Himalaya blackberry, Rubus discolor: Virginia Tech
• Japanese flowering quince, Chaenomeles japonica: UConn
• Japanese pear, Chinese pear, sand pear, Pyrus pyrifola. China
• Japanese plum, Prunus salicina. Japan
• Klamath plum
• Loquat, Eriobotrya japonica. Southeast China. Sweet, sour, oval fruit with yellow, orange, or reddish skin; white, yellow, or orange inside with large brown seeds.
• Medlar, Mespilus germanica. Europe and Asia
• Peach, nectarine, Prunus persica: Virginia Tech
• Salmonberry, Rubus spectabilis: Virginia Tech
• Shadblow serviceberry, Amelanchier canadensis: UConn
• Sour cherry, Prunus cerasus. Asia Minor
• Sweet cherry, Prunus avium: Virginia Tech. Asia Minor
• Thimbleberry, Rubus parviflorus: Virginia Tech
• Wild blackberry, loganberry, boysenberry, Rubus ursinus: Virginia Tech
• Wine raspberry, Rubus phoenicolasius: Virginia Tech

Rubiaceae

• Coffee, Coffea arabica
• Coffee, Coffea robusta
• Partridge berry, Mitchella repens: Virginia Tech

Rutaceae

• Citron, Citrus medica
• Grapefruit, pomelo, pummelo, Citrus maxima
• King orange, mandarin orange, tangerine, Citrus nobilis, Citrus reticulata
• Kumquat, kinkan, Fortunella. China
• Lemon, Citrus limon. India
• Lime, Citrus aurantifolia
• Orange, Citrus sinensis
• Sour orange, Seville orange, Citrus aurantium
• White sapote, Casimiroa edulis: Fruit Facts. Central Mexico. Roundish thin-skinned fruit, light green to orange-yellow; yellow or white inside with a custard-like texture and peach or banana-like taste. Seeds look like large orange seeds.

Sapindaceae

• Litchi, leechee, lichee, lychee, Litchi chinensis: Fruit Facts. Southern China. Pink, red, or greenish-yellow rind around white, translucent, firm, juicy flesh; oval, round, or heart-shaped.

Sapotaceae

• Ausubo, balata, Manilkara bidentata: USDA
• Miracle fruit, miracle berry, Synsepalum dulcificum: Fruit Facts. Tropical west Africa. Pulpy red berry that removes sourness of citrus fruits.
• Sapodilla, Manilkara zapota: Fruit Facts. Southern Mexico, northern Belize, northeastern Guatemala. Round or egg-shaped with brown, scruffy skin and yellow, brown, or reddish brown flesh, pear or brown sugar-flavored. Long, flat, black, shiny seeds.

Saxifragaceae

• American gooseberry, Ribes hirtellum: Fruit Facts. Canada and northeast and north-central U.S. Pink to wine-red, spherical, smaller than European gooseberries.
• Black currant, Ribes nigrum: Fruit Facts. Europe. Matte brown-purple with tiny bony seeds.
• Black currant, Ribes ussuriense: Fruit Facts. Asia. Matte brown-purple with tiny bony seeds.
• European gooseberry, Ribes grossularia: Fruit Facts. Caucasus and north Africa. Green, white, yellow, pink, purple, or almost black; small plum-sized.
• Pink currant, Ribes petraeum: Fruit Facts. Europe. Translucent with tiny bony seeds.
• Red currant, Ribes rubrum: Fruit Facts. Europe. Translucent with tiny bony seeds.
• White currant, Ribes sativum: Fruit Facts. Europe. Translucent with tiny bony seeds, less acid than red currants.

Solanaceae

• Cape gooseberry, goldenberry, husk cherry, Peruvian ground cherry, poha, poha berry, Physalis peruviana: Fruit Facts. Brazil. Orange-yellow berry containing many small seeds.
• Eggplant, Solanum melogena
• Potato, Solanum tuberosum
• Red pepper, Capsicum frutescens
• Pepino dulce, pepino, melon pear, melon shrub, Solanum muricatum: Fruit Facts. Colombia, Peru, Chile. Roundish or elongated; purple, green, or cream colored, sometimes with purple stripes. Greenish or yellowish-orange flesh tasting like a combination of canteloupe and honeydew melon.
• Tamarillo, tree tomato, Cyphomandra betacea: Fruit Facts. Andes. Smooth, egg-shaped deep purple, red, orange, or yellow fruit that may have longitudinal stripes. Orange or yellow soft, juicy, sweet and sour flesh with edible seeds.
• Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum

Ulmaceae

• Hackberry, Celtis occidentalis: U. of Delaware, USDA
• Sugar hackberry, sugarberry, Celtis laevigata: UConn, USDA

Vitaceae

• Grape, Vitis spp.: Virginia Tech
• Muscadine grape, Vitis rotundifolia: Fruit Facts. Southeast U.S. Clusters of greenish bronze, bronze, pinkish red, purple, or almost black musky grapes.